Pump.



F. S. DIGKINSN.

PUMP. APPLIoATIoN FILED 116.2. 1909.

THE NoRRIs PETEPS ca., WASHINGTON, D. c

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

'FAIRLEIGH S. DICKINSON, 0F RUTHERFORD, NEW JERSEY.

PUMP.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, FAinLniGI-I S. DioxinsoN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Rutherford, in the county of Bergen and Stateof New Jersey, have invented certain Improvements in Pumps, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in pumps and moreparticularly in that class of such devices which are especially designedand adapted for manual actuation, such, for example, as vacuum pumps,atomizers, massage instruments, and the like, and the object of theinvention is to provide a device of this general character of a simpleand comparatively inexpensive nature which shall be light, strong andcompact, and capable of convenient operation without liability ofderangement or breakage of its parts during use.

The invention consists in certain novel features of the construction,and combinations and arrangements of the several parts of the improvedpump, whereby certain important advantages are attained, and the deviceis rendered simpler, less expensive and otherwise better adapted andmore convenient for use, all as will be hereinafter fully set forth.

The novel features of the invention will be carefully defined in theclaims.

In order that my improvements may be the better understood, I will nowproceed to describe my invention with reference to the accompanyingdrawings, wherein- Figure l is a perspective view showing a pumpconstructed according to my Vinvention, and capable of employment as amassage instrument; Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken axiallythrough the iinproved pump constructed as shown in Fig. l; Fig. 3 is asectional view taken transversely through the improved pump in the planeindicated by the line a-a in Fig. 2, and showing certain features ofconstruction to be hereinafter referred to; Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sideelevation showing the means for holding the cap or closure detachably inposition upon the pump barrel; Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional viewshowing a modified formation of the. piston comprised in my presentinvention and Fig. 6 is' a detached det-ail view showing the valveholding cap or casing in end elevation.

As seen in these views, l represents the barrel or cylinder of theimproved pump,

Specification of Letters latent.

Application filed August 2, 1909.

Patented July 5, 1910.

Serial No. 510,848.

formed from thin sheet metal having an interior chamber 2, and open atits upper end to permit the introduction of the piston as will behereinafter explained, said barrel or cylinder being provided, adjacentto its said open end with outwardly pressed lugs or projections 3, 3,flattened at their under surfaces, and projecting at diametricallyopposite points from the perimetral surface of said barrel or cylinder,and capable of engagement with guide ways or passages 4, 4, produced inthe perimetral portion or flange of a cap or closure 5, which is adaptedto be extended across the open end of the barrel or cylinder to closethe same and prevent accidental withdrawal of the piston therefrom.

As shown herein, the guide ways or passages 4, 4 are produced bystriking the metal of the cap or closure 5 outwardly, so that said guideways or passages are produced upon the diametrically opposite innersurfaces of the flange or perimetral portion of said cap or closure, thelower ends of said guide ways or passages being open at the lower edgeof such flange of the cap or closure, and their upper ends being adaptedfor communication with horizontally directed slots 6, 6, extended in theflange of such cap or closure at the sides of said guide ways orpassages 4, 4, so that when the cap or closure is applied over the openend of the pump barrel or cylinder, the lugs or projections 3, 3 of thelatter will'traverse said guide ways or passages, and upon turning ofthe cap or closure 5 relatively to the barrel or cylinder 1, will passfrom the guide ways 4 into the horizontal slotted openings 6, and beingthen out of alinement with said passages 4, 4, will serve to hold thecap or closure securely in place upon the barrel 1 until the same isreversely turned to again bring said lugs in alineinent with saidpassages 4. The slotted openings 6, 6 have their lower surfaces providedwith locking devices 6a, 6a, herein shown as made in the form o-fnotches or recesses adapted for engagement with the lugs or projections3, 3 of the barrel in such a manner as to lock the cap or closure 5aga-inst such turning movement upon the barrel as is requisite to alinesaid projections 3, 3 with the passages 4, 4 in position to permitremoval of said cap or tion 7, projecting above its flange or per1metral portion and ycentrally vapertured for lthe passage of a piston rodor stem 8,the

i lower endV of which projects within the baryrel orr cylinder 1, and isinternally screw- Y threaded as shown at 9 vto receivel a terminalV Y Ymember 10, which'is externally threaded at yi its upper' part fordetachable connection "site tothe shoulder alforded by the lower endVwith saidlowerend of the stem orjrod' 8, and fis provided with acircumferential shoulderv ll-produced around Vit and arranged oppoof thesteinV or rod 8, so that when the terminal member 10 is applied inposition upon Vsaid stem or -rod 8, said shoulders of member V10 andstem'or rod 8 will be positioned for clampingtengagement upon a pistonor the while being capable of Vready removal therepistonV rod, it may bereversely applied thereto, 'for' purposes toV be hereinafter explained,yand said piston comprises a thin metal disk or plate 12, centrallyapertured llforfthe passage of the lreduced threaded upper end of saidterminal member and .restedy above said circumferential shoulderV 11thereof and provided around kits perimeter with a pendent annularflangeor skirt 14;, .adapted to playin accurate contactnupon theinnersurfaces ofthe barrel 1, a packing ring Yorfdisk 15, rested abovesaid disk or plate 12 4and formed from leather or other pliant substancewith edge portions V16 adaptn ed to -t snugly against the walls of thebarrel 1, and a grease cup oiilubricating Amein-V ber 17, -made'in theform of a thin metal 'disk and rested above said packing disk 15 vandcontactingA upon` the ishoulder afforded by the lower end of the stemlSso Vthat the central part-of said packing disk is clamped between vsaidmember 17 and thedisk 12, the

Vperimetralv portionY of said thin metal disk member 17 vbeing providedwith an annular upwardly bent portion 18, within which is produced anannular groove or chamber concentric around theV piston rod and open atthat side of the disk which contacts withthe pliant Vpacking 175 andadapted to be yfilled Vwith grease or lubricant which is Ytherebyretained within the barrel in close contact with"the upper surfaceV ofthe pliant disk 15 so as to work into the texture thereof duri Y ing useofthe pump,and thereby to maintain proper lubrication of the parts so`that leakage of airrpast the piston dueto wear or hardening of theVpacking is effectively Y avoided. The member 17 1sV herein'shown as madeslightly less yin diameter than the barrel 1, so that the edge portionof the pack- Y ing Vdisk15 is left free for such movement asm'ay'benecessary to permit escape of the air past the piston when the latter ispressed downwardly within the chamber 2 of the pump barrel. .Theprojecting edge portion of the packing 15, outside of the lubricatingymember V17, is provided with an upturned marginal flange, ittingaccurately to the walls of the barrel upon the upstroke of the piston,so as to prevent-leakage of air into the vpiston chamber during suchmovement of the piston, but adapted to be separated from said wall ofthe piston chamber upon Vthe downstroke of the piston so as to permitpassage of air from the piston chamber to retain a ball or othervalvef22 in position within the expanded lower. end portion of the bore24 of saidterminal member, the walls of such expanded lower end portionof the bore 24 being flared or tapered as shown at 23 in the drawingstoafford a valve seat whereon the valve 22 is adapted for contact, whenthe piston is forced downwardly within barrel 1, inV order that the bore-of the terminal member may be sealed by such :valve in a well knownway. The diameter of the valve 22 is such that communication isestablished from the bore of member 1() to the cylinder or barrel whensaid valve is in lowered position as indicated in Fig. 2.

26 represents a spiral spring extended in the chamber 2 of the barrel orcylinder 1 below the piston, the upper end of said spring having itsspirals contracted in dialneter, so as to permit'of being detachablyengaged with the circumferential surface of the cap 20 or member-10, asindicated at 27 on the drawings, whereby a secure connection is effectedbetween the spring and piston rod or stem in order that the spring maybe inserted within or withdrawn from the barrel 1 with the piston. Thelower end of the barrel 0r cylinder 1 is upwardly bent at its centralpart, as shown at 28, whereby a circumferential channel 29V is Aproduced around the bottom of the chamber 2 wherein the 4lower spiralturn of the spring 2G is seated when the piston is inserted within thebarrel. Theemployment of said spring 26 serves to maintain the stem 8and connected parts normally pressed vupwardly within the chamber 2 ofthe barrel, so as tol facilitate use of thefpump, and prevents lubricantor Vother 'substances which may collect at the bottom of the barrel fromentering the valve chamber 23 and interfering with the operation of thevalve 22,*and the parts are so proportioned that the lubricating member17 is`pressed normally bythe tension of said spring in Contact yupon theunder surface of the cap or closure 5 in such a manner as normally tohold the downwardly notched or recessed lower surfaces of the slottedopenings 6, 6 positively engaged upon the undersides of the projections3, 3 upon the barrel, w'hereby accidental turning of' the cap orclosure, such as might result in its disconnection from the barrel, iseffectively prevented. This arrangement permits the cap or closure 5 tobe made to fit very loosely upon the end of the barrel as is desirableto facilitate its removal and replacement.

The stem or piston rod 8 is provided with a bore or passage 25 extendedaxially through it, and communicating with the bore of the terminalmember 10. Said stem, as herein shown, is produced from a short sectionor length of thin metal tubing, to the upper part of which is secured anannular part 30, which projects from the wall of the tube and affords anipple wherewith may be detachably connected a fiexible tube 31 ofrubber or the like, the extremity of which may be connected with anipple or attachment of any preferred kind. In Fig. 1 I have shown thetube provided with a cup 32 capable of employment in facial massage orthe like, but it will be evident that this may be replaced by someequivalent part so as to permit of varying the application of thedevice.

33 represents a cross head or grip member secured upon the upper end ofthe stem or rod S and adapted for engagement by the fingers of the userfor pressing the piston downwardly in the barrel or cylinder 1. Asherein shown, this member is pressed or otherwise formed from sheetmetal of proper gage, and is secured by solder as shown at 34 to saidstem 8, there being a perforation or vent opening 25 produced in onewall of the tubular stem and extended through the solder 34, and metalof said member 33 with its outer end exposed at the upper surface ofsaid member in order that the finger of the user may be convenientlyapplied over the same to close such vent or opening during the use ofthe device as a vacuum pump as will be hereinafter explained. 'As hereinshown, such vent aperture 35 is produced by drilling through member 33,solder 34 and the side of stem 8 after the member 33 shall have beensoldered in place upon said stem.

If the improved pump constructed as above described be desired for useas a force pump instead of as a vacuum pump, it is only necessary toreadj ust the parts as shown in Fig. 5, wherein the positions of guidedisk 12a, packing 15a and lubricating member 17a are reversed from thepositions wherein they stand during use of the device as a vacuum pump,the valve 22 being removed from the chamber 23 of the terminal member,so as to permit free outflow of air from the piston chamber of the pumpbarrel through the passage 25 of the" piston rod, during descendingmovement of the piston, the pliant or flexible marginal flange of thepacking 15 surrounding the lubricating member being then pendent so asto be adapted to be freely separated from the w'alls of the barrel uponthe upward movement of the piston to an extent sufcient to permitentrance of air into the piston chamber during such upstroke in a. wellknown way, andbeing adapted to fit accurately upon said walls of thebarrel during downward 4movement of the piston so as to prevent leakageof air from the piston chamber during the downstroke of the piston,whereby the air in such chamber` is placed under tension and is forcedout through the passages of the piston rod and its terminal member. Asseen in this View', the lubricatingv member 1"(a is lowermost so thatthe grease contained in its chamber 18a is in contact upon the undersideof the packing 15a, while the metal disk l2a is above the packing, itsfiange 14 being upturned instead of pendent as in the structurepreviously described.

In the use of the device illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 as in facialmassage for example, the piston being pressed upwardly in barrel 1 byspring 26, the cup 32 will be applied to the face in the o-rdinarymanner, the finger of the operator being positioned to close the outerend of the vent 35 to prevent leakage of air therethrough, after which,pressure being exerted by the operator to press the stem 8 into thebarrel 1 against the tension of the spring 26, the air contained inchamber 2 will .be forced out therefrom either through cup 32 or aroundthe packing l5 of the piston as in an ordinary pump.

Pressure being relaxed upon the stem 8, the spring 26 will operate touplift the piston in cylinder Aor barrel r1, so as to rarefy the airtherein, after which the finger of the operator may be lifted from thevent aperture 35 to break such partial vacuum by the admission of air atsaid aperture, and permit the operation to be repeated. Where the deviceis primarily intended for use otherwise than as a lvacuum pump, the ventaperture 35 will of course be omitted, but it is evident that when thedevice is intended for use as a vacuum pump or for interchangeable useboth as a vacuum pump and force pump,the piston may be convenientlyrearranged as indicated in Fig. 5, the vent aperture 35 being maintainedclosed by the finger of the user during use of the device as a forcepump.

The employment of the lubricating member carried by the piston insureseffective lubrication of the parts such as is needful to prevent leakagearound the piston due to wear or hardening of the packing, and

Y the structurev of the Vpiston shown in Figs.

2 and 3 is particularly. adva'ntageous'rbyv reason of the `Areadinesswith which it may be inserted' within and removed'from the pump barrel,Ythe upwardly-directed 'edge portions ofthe packing offering noimpediment to such insertion andV removal;

` YFromthe above description ofmy inven` jfr'ti'on it will be seen thatthe pump con-v ilo" struc'ted according thereto is of an extremelyjsimple andV comparatively inexpensive nature, and is vparticularly welladapted vfor uselby reason of the lightness and strength 4of itsconstruction, and of the facilityl with which' its parts may beassembled and sepa-VIV rated for purposes of repair, rearrangement andthe like, yand it will also be obvious vfrom the above description thatthe device is susceptible of considerable change without materialdeparture from vthe principles and spirit of the'inventionand within thescope v of the appended claims, and for this reason.

' I do notdesire to beunderstood as limiting myself to the.precisevformation and arrangef ment of the several parts herein setforth in carrying out my invention in practice. n

, I-Iaving thus described my invention, what I claim and desire toksecure by Letters Patent is l.V A pump having a barrel, a piston rodmovable therein, two members carried by the piston 'rod within thebarrel, and a pack- Y ing held-'at its centralportion between saidmembers Vand formed from pliant material 'andadapted for contact withthe walls of Y the barrel, one of the members having a-sur- Y facecontacting with the central portion of y the packing and provided withVan open annular chambersurrounding the piston rod and adapted to containlubricant and capa- Y ble ofroneration to supply the same to said pliantpacking. l V2. A pump having a barrel, a piston rod movable therein,andprovided with a passage, la piston on said rod in the barrel, a gripmember separately formed from the piston rod and held thereon, and avent extended through said grip member at its `joint with the piston rodand having its outery end positioned to be closed by the finger oftheoperator and its inner end extended through the wall of the piston rodand adaptedy for communication lwith the passagetherein.

3. A pump Vhaving a barrel, a piston rod 'movable therein, a terminalmember detachmy nameln the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

YFarmacisti s. DroKrNsoN.

Y Witnesses:

J. D. GAPLINGER, vW. C. ABBOTT.

